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Mejoramiento de frijoles volubles para sistemas de siembra de asociacion con maiz

By: Material type: TextTextLanguage: Spanish Publication details: Cali, CO Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) 1978Description: 14 pSubject(s): LOC classification:
  • 16929
Online resources: Summary: El maiz y el frijol voluble se siembran tradicionalmente en asociacion en las Sierras de America Latina por encima de los 1500 m. El sistema ha demostrado tener una serie de ventajas en terminos de: poca incidencia de ciertas plagas y enfermedades, menor acame de la raiz del maiz y menos riesgo para el agricultor. Se estudiaron los tipos de planta del frijol voluble y del maiz para asociacion. Los rendimientos de maiz y frijol generalmente se relacionaron negativamente, y se encontro que el rendimiento de genotipos de maices altos no se afectaron tanto por el frijol como los maices bajos. El acame de la raiz de maiz de genotipo alto se redujo notablemente en asociacion. El acame del tallo de maices cortos se presento debido a un crecimiento muy vigoroso de algunas var. de frijol voluble. Las var. de frijol muy vigorosas no alcanzaron su propio potencial de rendimiento con maices bajos debido a la falta de soporte. En los ensayos de rendimiento de materiales de mejoramiento de frijol voluble, tanto el relevo como la asociacion directa con maiz presento un menor costo que el monocultivo, y tambien se considero como el mas representativo de los sistemas utilizados por el agricultor. Los rendimientos de los genotipos de frijol en asociacion fueron significativamente mas bajos y menos diferentes que en monocultivo. Se concluyo que con un manejo adecuado del tamano de la parcela y efectos de bordes, el rendimiento del frijol voluble es mejor en asociacion y se evalua mejor en terminos economicos. (RA-CIAT)Summary: Maize and climbing beans are traditionally planted in association in the sierra regions of L.A. with alt. higher than 1500 m. The system has shown a series of advantages: low incidence of certain pests and diseases, less root lodging in maize, and less risk for the farmers. The types of climbing bean and maize used in associated cropping systems were studied. In general, maize and bean yields were negatively related and it was found that yields of tall maize genotypes were less affected by beans than short maize genotypes. Root lodging of tall maize genotypes was notably reduced in association. Stem lodging of short maize genotypes was due to the vigorous growth of some climbing bean var. Very vigorous bean var. could not reach their own yield potential with short maize genotypes due to the poor support system. In yield trials with climbing bean breeding material, both relay and associated cropping systems with maize had lower costs than beans in monoculture as well as being the most representative system used by farmers. Yields of bean genotypes in association were generaly lower and had less significant differences than in monoculture. It was concluded that with an appropriate management of plot size and border effects, climbing bean yields were higher in association and were favorably assessed from an economic standpoint. (AS-CIAT)
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Item type Current library Collection Call number Status Date due Barcode Item holds
Online Document Online Document CIAT Library Web Electronic Document 16929 (Browse shelf(Opens below)) Not For Loan (Restricted Access)
Books Books CIAT Library CIAT Publications CIAT Publications 16929 (Browse shelf(Opens below)) Available
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Trabajo presentado en la XXIV Reunión del PCCMCA, San Salvador, 10-14 de mayo de 1978

El maiz y el frijol voluble se siembran tradicionalmente en asociacion en las Sierras de America Latina por encima de los 1500 m. El sistema ha demostrado tener una serie de ventajas en terminos de: poca incidencia de ciertas plagas y enfermedades, menor acame de la raiz del maiz y menos riesgo para el agricultor. Se estudiaron los tipos de planta del frijol voluble y del maiz para asociacion. Los rendimientos de maiz y frijol generalmente se relacionaron negativamente, y se encontro que el rendimiento de genotipos de maices altos no se afectaron tanto por el frijol como los maices bajos. El acame de la raiz de maiz de genotipo alto se redujo notablemente en asociacion. El acame del tallo de maices cortos se presento debido a un crecimiento muy vigoroso de algunas var. de frijol voluble. Las var. de frijol muy vigorosas no alcanzaron su propio potencial de rendimiento con maices bajos debido a la falta de soporte. En los ensayos de rendimiento de materiales de mejoramiento de frijol voluble, tanto el relevo como la asociacion directa con maiz presento un menor costo que el monocultivo, y tambien se considero como el mas representativo de los sistemas utilizados por el agricultor. Los rendimientos de los genotipos de frijol en asociacion fueron significativamente mas bajos y menos diferentes que en monocultivo. Se concluyo que con un manejo adecuado del tamano de la parcela y efectos de bordes, el rendimiento del frijol voluble es mejor en asociacion y se evalua mejor en terminos economicos. (RA-CIAT)

Maize and climbing beans are traditionally planted in association in the sierra regions of L.A. with alt. higher than 1500 m. The system has shown a series of advantages: low incidence of certain pests and diseases, less root lodging in maize, and less risk for the farmers. The types of climbing bean and maize used in associated cropping systems were studied. In general, maize and bean yields were negatively related and it was found that yields of tall maize genotypes were less affected by beans than short maize genotypes. Root lodging of tall maize genotypes was notably reduced in association. Stem lodging of short maize genotypes was due to the vigorous growth of some climbing bean var. Very vigorous bean var. could not reach their own yield potential with short maize genotypes due to the poor support system. In yield trials with climbing bean breeding material, both relay and associated cropping systems with maize had lower costs than beans in monoculture as well as being the most representative system used by farmers. Yields of bean genotypes in association were generaly lower and had less significant differences than in monoculture. It was concluded that with an appropriate management of plot size and border effects, climbing bean yields were higher in association and were favorably assessed from an economic standpoint. (AS-CIAT)

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