Factores agronomicos de la asociacion frijol/maiz

Con base en los estudios realizados en CIAT, Palmira (Colombia) se discuten los sistemas de siembra frijol/maiz, tipos de soporte, densidad de siembra y fecha de siembra. region a otra, el procedimiento es valido para cualquier region y asociacion a evaluar. se determino consistentemente que el rendimiento del maiz no disminuye como consecuencia de la asociacion; el rendimiento del frijol disminuye en 50 por ciento, pero se han obtenido 15 t/ha. con frijol arbustivo y 2,0 ton/ha. con frijol trepador. ingreso adicional. (Spodoptera frugiperda), los costos de produccion y el volcamiento del maiz. Se indica que las espalderas, aunque mas costosas, son el sistema de soporte mas eficiente. plantas/ha, para el frijol trepador y arbustivo, respectivamente. investigaciones realizadas indican un alto potencial para aumentar la productividad de estos sistemas tradicionales.

Planting systems, types of support, population density and planting dates in maize bean associations are discussed under conditions at CIAT (Palmira, Colombia). Although agronomic conditions vary from one region to another, the evaluation procedure is valid for any region or crop association. When bean or maize monocrops were compared to bean/maize associations, it was consistently found that maize yields were not affected by the association whereas bean yields were reduced 50 percent. Nevertheless, yields of 1.5 and 2.0 t/ha were obtained for bush and climbing beans, respectively; thus bean production would represent additional income. Intercropping was found to reduce attack by the maize pest Spodoptera frugiperda, production costs and maize plant lodging. Although trellis support is more costly, it is the most effective planting system for beans. Recommended populations for climbing and bush beans are 100-120 and 200-250 thousand plants/ha, respectively. Research shows there is a great potential for increasing productivity of these traditional systems. (CIAT)