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Epoca de colheita de sementes de Desmodium ovalifolium (Wall.) cv. Itabela

By: Contributor(s): Material type: ArticleArticleLanguage: Portuguese Description: 24(3):2-7Subject(s): In: Pasturas Tropicales (CIAT)Summary: En un Oxisol de la Estación de Zootecnia del Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau (CEPEC) (1300 mm y 23.3 °C), localizada al sur de Bahia, Brasil, se realizó un estudio con el objeto de determinar el punto de madurez fisiólogica para la cosecha de semillas de Desmodium ovalifolium cv. Itabela. El área experimental fue arada y rastrillada y a la siembra se aplicaron 100 kg/ha de cal dolomitica más 80 kg/ha de P2O5 y 30 kg/ha de K2O. Para la siembra se utilizaron 2 kg/ha de semilla pura viable. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques al azar en arreglo factorial: cosechas cada 7 días entre 21 y 56 días después del pico de floración, más un tratamiento adicional consistente en cosechas semanales después del día 14 del pico de floración; y dos épocas de cosecha (1991 y 1992). Se midieron la producción de semillas (kg/ha), la pureza física (%), la germinación (%), el valor cultural (%), el peso de 1000 semillas (g) y el rendimiento de semillas puras viables (kg/ha). La mejor calidad fisiólogica de la semilla se encontró con la cosecha a 42 días y 56 días después del pico de floración, y con la cosecha semanal de sólo las semillas maduras. La madurez de las semillas ocurrió a los 42 días después del pico de floración.Summary: The point of physiological maturity to harvest seed of Desmodium ovalifolium cv. Itabela was determined at the Zootechny Station of the Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau (CEPEC, its Portuguese acronym), located in southern Bahía, Brazil. The annual rainfall was 1300 mm and the average annual temperature, 23.3 °C. The experimental area, consisting of Oxisols, was plowed and harrowed, and 100 kg/ha of dolomitic lime was applied in addition to 80 kg/ha of P2O5 and 30 kg/ha of K2O at planting. For planting, 2 kg/ha of pure viable seed were used. The experimental design consisted of a randomized block design in a factorial arrangement, with 4 replicates. Treatments consisted of harvests at 7-day intervals between 21 and 56 days after peak flowering, with an additional treatment that consisted of weekly harvests of mature seed only, 14 days after peak flowering. Seed yield (kg/ha), physical purity (%), germination (%), pure germinating seeds (%), 1000-seed weight (g), and yield of pure viable seeds were measured. The highest yields were obtained 42 days after peak flowering and in the weekly harvests of mature seeds only. Seed collected 42 and 56 days after peak flowering and mature seeds collected during the weekly harvests presented the best results in terms of physiological quality. Physiological maturity occurred 42 days after peak flowering and weekly harvests of mature seed could be substituted by harvesting all fruits between 35 and 56 days after peak flowering.
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En un Oxisol de la Estación de Zootecnia del Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau (CEPEC) (1300 mm y 23.3 °C), localizada al sur de Bahia, Brasil, se realizó un estudio con el objeto de determinar el punto de madurez fisiólogica para la cosecha de semillas de Desmodium ovalifolium cv. Itabela. El área experimental fue arada y rastrillada y a la siembra se aplicaron 100 kg/ha de cal dolomitica más 80 kg/ha de P2O5 y 30 kg/ha de K2O. Para la siembra se utilizaron 2 kg/ha de semilla pura viable. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques al azar en arreglo factorial: cosechas cada 7 días entre 21 y 56 días después del pico de floración, más un tratamiento adicional consistente en cosechas semanales después del día 14 del pico de floración; y dos épocas de cosecha (1991 y 1992). Se midieron la producción de semillas (kg/ha), la pureza física (%), la germinación (%), el valor cultural (%), el peso de 1000 semillas (g) y el rendimiento de semillas puras viables (kg/ha). La mejor calidad fisiólogica de la semilla se encontró con la cosecha a 42 días y 56 días después del pico de floración, y con la cosecha semanal de sólo las semillas maduras. La madurez de las semillas ocurrió a los 42 días después del pico de floración. spa

The point of physiological maturity to harvest seed of Desmodium ovalifolium cv. Itabela was determined at the Zootechny Station of the Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau (CEPEC, its Portuguese acronym), located in southern Bahía, Brazil. The annual rainfall was 1300 mm and the average annual temperature, 23.3 °C. The experimental area, consisting of Oxisols, was plowed and harrowed, and 100 kg/ha of dolomitic lime was applied in addition to 80 kg/ha of P2O5 and 30 kg/ha of K2O at planting. For planting, 2 kg/ha of pure viable seed were used. The experimental design consisted of a randomized block design in a factorial arrangement, with 4 replicates. Treatments consisted of harvests at 7-day intervals between 21 and 56 days after peak flowering, with an additional treatment that consisted of weekly harvests of mature seed only, 14 days after peak flowering. Seed yield (kg/ha), physical purity (%), germination (%), pure germinating seeds (%), 1000-seed weight (g), and yield of pure viable seeds were measured. The highest yields were obtained 42 days after peak flowering and in the weekly harvests of mature seeds only. Seed collected 42 and 56 days after peak flowering and mature seeds collected during the weekly harvests presented the best results in terms of physiological quality. Physiological maturity occurred 42 days after peak flowering and weekly harvests of mature seed could be substituted by harvesting all fruits between 35 and 56 days after peak flowering. eng

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