Avaliacao agronomica e economica de sistemas de producao de feijao irrigado (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Se evaluaron agronomica y economicamente los sistemas de produccion de frijol en condiciones de riego convencional por aspersion. Se eligieron 3 diferentes sitios exptl. de Minas Gerais: 1 en Ribeirao Vermelho (para la siembra de otono- invierno) y los otros 2 en campos de la Escola Superior de Agricultura de Lavras, en Lavras (para las siembras de estacion seca y otono) durante 1987- 88. Se evaluaron 9 sistemas de produccion que incluian niveles de fertilizante al momento de la siembra en aplicacion de cobertura lateral y fertilizacion foliar con o sin aplicacion de plaguicidas quimicos. Mediante los analisis combinados de varianza, se observo que todos los tratamientos tuvieron resultados similares en cuanto a rendimiento de granos y no hubo interaccion entre produccion y expt. El analisis economico indico que se necesita un sistema de produccion en el cual los rendimientos, en las condiciones actuales, sean de 1037 kg/ha de semilla de frijol para no tener perdidas. A pesar de que los sistemas de produccion con los mayores insumos tecnologicos produjeron una ganancia neta substancial relativa, no los pone en ventaja significativa sobre los demas sistemas de produccion que requieren menos insumos. Por lo tanto, en las areas donde se ha cultivado anteriormente frijol, los insumos tecnologicos a recomendar pueden depender de la cosecha anterior y de las condiciones edaficas y climaticas locales. (RA- CIAT) spa

This investigation was initiated to evaluate agronomically and economically common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production systems under the conventional sprinkling irrigation practice. Three different experimental sites were chosen: one at Ribeirao Vermelho- MG (for the Fall-Winter planting) and the other two at ESAL/Campus, Lavras-MG (for the dry season and Fall plantings) during 1987/88. There were evaluated nine production systems including fertilizer levels at sowing and side dressed as well as foliar fertilization associated or not with application of chemical pesticides. It was revealed through combined analysis of variance that all nine treatments had similar results in relation to grain yield and that no production x experiment interaction was observed. The economical analysis showed a need of having a production system which yields, under the present conditions, at least 1.037 kg/ha of bean seeds not to have finantial losses. Despite production systems with the highest technological inputs had yielded a relative substancial net profit, this result does not grant them a significant advantage over the other less requiring production systems. Thus in areas where common beans have been previously cultivated, technological inputs to be recommended may rely on prior harvest as well as on local edaphic and climatic conditions. (AS) eng