Comportamento da batata (Solanum tuberosum L.) e do feijao (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) em cultivo consorciado

En 4 expt. realizados en 3 localidades del area de Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais, se estudio el desempeno de la asociacion frijol- papa, en comparacion con los resp. monocultivos. En Leopoldina, en mayo, se sembro frijol cv. Carioca y Milionario 1732 en asociacion con papa cv. Baraka a una densidad de 60, 120 y 240,000 semillas/ha. Ambos cultivos se sembraron en la misma hilera (las semillas de frijol encima de las de papa), en camellones espaciados a 0.80 m. En Coimbra (en marzo) y Vicosa (en abril), se sembraron los cv. Ouro, Milionario 1732 y Preto Sessenta Dias a una densidad de 187,500 semillas/ha, en asociacion con papa Aracy, de la misma manera que se utilizo en Leopoldina. El cuarto expt., realizado en Vicosa en junio, fue similar al segundo y tercer expt., pero se reemplazo el cv. de frijol Milionario 1732 por Ricopardo 896 y papa Aracy por Achat. Se aplico riego a todos los expt. Debido a la intensa aplicacion de fungicidas y fertilizantes al cultivo de papa, el rendimiento de frijol no disminuyo en la asociacion, y en algunos casos, fue mayor que en monocultivo; cuando se asocio frijol-papa, las densidades de siembra de frijol de 120,000 y 240,000 semillas/ha permitio rendimientos superiores a 60,000. El frijol afecto el rendimiento de papa, alcanzando una disminucion de 43-55 por ciento, cuando se sembro en marzo-abril; solo disminuyo de 11 a 31 por ciento, cuando se sembro en mayo-junio. El frijol asociado no afecto la poblacion final de la papa. (RA-CIAT)

Four experiments were carried out in three localities in the Zona da Mata area, State of Minas Gerais, in order to study the performance of potato and common bean in associated cropping, compared to the respective monocrops. In Leopoldina, in May, the following planting densities of beans (cvs. Carioca and Milionario 1732) were associated with the potato cv. Baraka: 60, 120, and 240 thousand seeds per hectare. Both crops were planted in the same row (bean seeds above the tubers), in ridges 0.80 m apart. In Coimbra (in March) and Vicosa (in April), the bean cvs. Ouro, Milionario 1732 and Preto Sessenta Dias were planted at a density of 187.5 thousand seeds per hectare and associated with the potato Aracy in the same manner as used in Leopoldina. The fourth experiment, carried out in Vicosa, in June, was similar to the second and third experiments, but the bean cv. Milionario 1732 was replaced by Ricopardo 896 and the potato Aracy by Achat. All experiments were irrigated. It was concluded that: 1) bean yields were not lowered by the associated potato and, in some cases, they were higher than in monocrop, due to the heavy fertilization and fungicides applied to the potato; 2) bean planting densities of 120 and 240 thousand seeds per hectare permited, when associated with potato, higher yield than 60 thousand; 3) potato yield was affected by beans, reaching 43 to 55 percent decrease, when planted in March-April, and only 11 to 31 percent decrease, when planted in May-June; 4) potato final stand was not affected by the associated bean. (AS- CIAT)